Scleroderma citrinum, commonly known as the “poison pigskin puffball,” is a good example of the classic earthball. Finally, earthballs have spores that feature spikes, ridges (reticulation), or a combination of the two. Additionally, the gleba of earthballs remains firm until the peridium tears. Locules are not found in any true puffball species. The gleba of earthballs is also divided up into small, spore-forming compartments called locules. If your mushroom has a solid white or olive-colored gleba, then you probably have a puffball. The gleba (interior, spore-forming tissue) starts out white but soon turns purple to purple-brown. If you slice an earthball in half, you will easily be able to tell that it is indeed an earthball. The earthballs also share a few other physical characteristics. The spores are then slowly dispersed by the wind. At maturity, the peridium tears irregularly to reveal the mass of powdery spores. The spores mature in the center of the earthball, enclosed by the peridium. Like all gasteromycetes (fungi whose spores mature internally), earthballs have lost the ability to forcibly discharge their spores. Instead, the peridium (outer layer) cracks and tears irregularly. The main difference between earthballs and puffballs is that, unlike the puffballs, earthballs do not release their spores through a regular pore.
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If you are collecting puffballs to eat, make sure you know how to tell the difference between true puffballs and the usually poisonous earthballs. Visually, immature earth balls can look similar to puffballs. This group of mushrooms goes by a variety of common names, including “earthballs,” “earth balls,” and “false puffballs.” Additionally, all of these mushrooms belong to the family Sclerodermataceae and could casually be referred to as “sclerodermas.”* Using these terms to distinguish earthballs from puffballs is a fairly recent development, so many earthballs are still commonly called puffballs.
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